Heat capacity and phase equilibria of wadeite-type K2Si4O9     

Wenjun Yong  E. Dachs  A. C. Withers  E. J. Essene 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2008,155(2):137-146

The low-temperature heat capacity (C _p) of Si-wadeite (K₂Si₄O₉) synthesized with a piston cylinder device was measured over the range of 5–303 K using the heat capacity option of a physical properties measurement system. The entropy of Si-wadeite at standard temperature and pressure calculated from the measured heat capacity data is 253.8 ± 0.6 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, which is considerably larger than some of the previous estimated values. The calculated phase transition boundaries in the system K₂O–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ are generally consistent with previous experimental results. Together with our calculated phase boundaries, seven multi-anvil experiments at 1,400 K and 6.0–7.7 GPa suggest that no equilibrium stability field of kalsilite + coesite intervenes between the stability field of sanidine and that of coesite + kyanite + Si-wadeite, in contrast to previous predictions. First-order approximations were undertaken to calculate the phase diagram in the system K₂Si₄O₉ at lower pressure and temperature. Large discrepancies were shown between the calculated diagram compared with previously published versions, suggesting that further experimental or/and calorimetric work is needed to better constrain the low-pressure phase relations of the K₂Si₄O₉ polymorphs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

Depths of Partial Crystallization of H2O-bearing MORB: Phase Equilibria Simulations of Basalts at the MAR near Ascension Island (7 11{degrees}S)     

Almeev  Renat; Holtz  Francois; Koepke  Jurgen; Haase  Karsten; Devey  Colin 《Journal of Petrology》2008,49(1):25-45

Phase equilibria simulations were performed on naturally quenchedbasaltic glasses to determine crystallization conditions priorto eruption of magmas at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) east ofAscension Island (7–11°S). The results indicate thatmid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) magmas beneath different segmentsof the MAR have crystallized over a wide range of pressures(100–900 MPa). However, each segment seems to have a specificcrystallization history. Nearly isobaric crystallization conditions(100–300 MPa) were obtained for the geochemically enrichedMORB magmas of the central segments, whereas normal (N)-MORBmagmas of the bounding segments are characterized by polybariccrystallization conditions (200–900 MPa). In addition,our results demonstrate close to anhydrous crystallization conditionsof N-MORBs, whereas geochemically enriched MORBs were successfullymodeled in the presence of 0·4–1 wt% H₂O in theparental melts. These estimates are in agreement with direct(Fourier transform IR) measurements of H₂O abundances in basalticglasses and melt inclusions for selected samples. Water contentsdetermined in the parental melts are in the range 0·04–0·09and 0·30–0·55 wt% H₂O for depleted and enrichedMORBs, respectively. Our results are in general agreement (within±200 MPa) with previous approaches used to evaluate pressureestimates in MORB. However, the determination of pre-eruptiveconditions of MORBs, including temperature and water contentin addition to pressure, requires the improvement of magma crystallizationmodels to simulate liquid lines of descent in the presence ofsmall amounts of water. KEY WORDS: MORB; Mid-Atlantic Ridge; depth of crystallization; water abundances; phase equilibria calculations; cotectic crystallization; pressure estimates; polybaric fractionation  相似文献   

1.0GPa和常温至1100 ℃条件下角闪石斜长片麻岩的V_p变化:实验测量与理论计算   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

蒋玺  周文戈  刘丛强  谢鸿森  刘永刚 《岩石学报》2008,24(10)

在1．0GPa、常温至1100℃条件下测量了角闪石斜长片麻岩的纵波速度（Vp）,并统计了不同温度实验产物中各种矿物的体积百分含量。结果显示,1．0GPa下,角闪石斜长片麻岩的Vp首先随温度升高（室温至700℃）缓慢降低约6％,然后（700—850℃）快速降低约6％,再（850～950℃）转而急剧升高15％～25％,最后（T〉950℃）又快速下降。实验产物分析表明在高温高压下α-石英-β石英相变和岩石部分熔融是岩石Vp异常变化的主要因素。由取样产物的矿物含量和弹性参数,计算了各温度条件下岩石的Vp得出与实验测量相同的波速-温度变化趋势,即Vp随温度升高先缓慢降低,接着快速降低后又急剧升高,最后又快速减小。实验测量和理论计算对比研究表明,通过高温高压下岩石中的物相变化观测结果进行岩石波速的计算,是检验岩石弹性波速测量结果和研究地球内部地震波结构的一种有效方法。  相似文献   

A comparative study on the contents of vitamins in the natural and the cultured prawn     

Wang Anli  Wang Wein  Liu Cunqi  Wang Suo''an 《海洋学报(英文版)》1994,13(4):557-564

Ａｃｏｍｐａｒａｔｉｖｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｈｅｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｓｏｆｖｉｔａｍｉｎｓｉｎｔｈｅｎａｔｕｒａｌａｎｄｔｈｅｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｄｐｒａｗｎ￥ＷａｎｇＡｎｌｉ；ＷａｎｇＷｅｉｎａ；ＬｉｕＣｕｎｑｉａｎｄＷａｎｇＳｕｏ＇ａｎ（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＦｅｂｒ...  相似文献   

A novel technique in analyzing non-linear wave-wave interaction   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mohamed A.K. Elsayed   《Ocean Engineering》2006,33(2):168-180

During wave growth non-linear wave–wave interactions cause transfer of some wave energy from lower to higher wave periods as the spectrum grows. Wavelet bicoherence, which is a new technique in the analysis of wind–wave and wave–wave interactions, is used to analyze non-linear wave–wave interactions. A selected record of wind wave that contains the maximum wave height observed during 6 h of wave generation is divided into five segments and wavelet bicoherence is computed for the whole record, and for all divided segments. The study shows that the non-linear wave–wave interaction occurs at different bicoherence levels and these levels are different from one segment to another due to the non-stationarity feature of the examined data set.  相似文献   

正弦锁相环路方程的调和解、浑沌与分支     

王荣良 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1996,(1)

讨论调频输入正弦锁相环路方程的调和解、浑饨与分支。利用Melnikov方法确定了产生浑沌与次谐波分支及其稳定性的条件，同时我们证明了当方程的参数适当小时，它必存在调和解。  相似文献   

风暴潮灾与月相     

郭洪寿  陈祥福 《海洋预报》1992,9(2):39-45

本文以实测资料为依据,统计分析了风暴潮灾、风暴潮、登陆台风、天文高潮等与月相的关系。统计资料表明,登陆台风和台风风暴潮发生在大(小)潮期的次数相对较多,略大于平均数,但它们与月相没有明显的因果关系,它们相对于月相的分布大致上是随机的,如果台风在天文大潮期间登陆,台风引起的暴潮与天文潮叠加后成灾的概率明显增大,但也不一定成灾;成了灾的,往往是风暴潮峰值适逢当日的天文高潮所致。  相似文献   

Spin rate estimation of sounding rockets using GPS wind-up   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

M. García-Fernández  M. Markgraf  O. Montenbruck 《GPS Solutions》2008,12(3):155-161

Carrier phase wind-up is a well-known effect that arises from the relative rotation between a transmitting and receiving antenna. In GPS measurements at L1 frequency, this effect translates into an error of 19.029 cm per full relative rotation of antennas. Since this effect is independent of the satellite elevation for pure rotation about the antenna boresight axis, it is usually absorbed by the clock estimation in navigation algorithms. Therefore, the impact of wind-up is usually neglected for applications that do not require accuracies to the cm level like RTK. However, in receiving platforms with high rotation rate, the accumulated wind-up value can be important and actually be larger than receiver noise or even ionospheric variations. Therefore, in such scenarios, the wind-up contribution can be isolated and used as a source of information to compute the spin rate of such platforms using an appropriate combination of GPS observables. This work shows some results of a coarse, yet simple, approach to monitor the rotation angle and spin-rate of spin stabilized sounding rockets flown by DLR.  相似文献   

Group Time Delay in the Reflection of P-Polarized Electromagnetic Plane Waves at a Stratigraphic Interface     

Fu-Ping Liu  Rui-Zhong Li  Jin-yao Li  Hui-Guo Chen  Chang-Chun Yang 《Mathematical Geosciences》2008,40(7):813-829

The group time delay (GTD) formulae of quasi-total reflection of inhomogeneous P-polarized electromagnetic waves (P-PEW, whose electric field parallels to the plane of incidence), caused by the Goos–Hänchen effect, is derived by the phase shift of the wave. A numerical example where the frequency equals to 1 GHz is given. The curves of calculating results show that there are three discontinuous points at the critical angle of phase shift vector, the critical angle of attenuation vector and 90^○. When the angle of incidence is equal to one of these three angles, the GTD will become infinite, and the electromagnetic wave will propagate along the interface. The GTD will be very large, when the angle of incidence is close to one of these three angles. The results indicate that there is an important relationship between the two critical angles and the conductivity and permittivity of the two strata, and that the GTD has an important relationship with the angle of incidence. These results can be used to determine the lithology of the strata and to delimit the interfaces of strata more effectively. It is suggested that this research may prove useful in electromagnetic logging analysis and, perhaps, in the design of logging instruments.  相似文献   

相律的应用:蒸发结晶过程自由度          下载免费PDF全文

房春晖  宋彭生 《盐湖研究》1993,(1)

在连续原理和浓度限制条件的基础上,分析了卤水蒸发过程的自由度,提出了“蒸发结晶过程自由度”这一概念。发现蒸发结晶过程自由度在整个过程中不是1便是0,在1和0之间交替变化,与选择的组分数和析出固相数目无关。蒸发结晶过程自由度为1,物理意义是在不引起新相产生旧相不消失的前提下过程连续地变化(水分的连续蒸失),几何意义是指在适当的坐标系中的一条线,一条直线或曲线;0的物理意义是指新相的产生和旧相的即将消失或者前一段的连续变化过渡到后一段的连续变化,几何意义是指一点,两蒸发阶段的交点或者过程的终点。简单地讨论了过程的单向性和连续件。  相似文献